中文摘要：

上流式反应器是一种新型的渣油加氢技术,与传统固定床组合形成渣油加氢组合技术,能够处理更为劣质的渣油原料,显著延长运行周期。本文搭建了直径80 mm冷态实验台,分别以氧化铝球形工业催化剂为填充颗粒,以水和甘油水溶液为模拟液相,空气为模拟气相,考察了空速比、气液比、床层高径比、填充颗粒粒径和液相黏度对上流式反应器压降特性的影响。结果表明,在测量范围内,床层总压降与气液比和空速比均呈负相关,随其增大而减小;随着高径比的增大,床层总压降随空速比和气液比的增大而减小的幅度略大;小填充颗粒粒径的床层总压降要大于大填充颗粒粒径所对应的床层总压降,随着空速比的增大,粒径对床层总压降的影响也越来越大;液相黏度越大,则床层总压降也越大;而随着高径比的增大,黏度对总压降值的影响略微增大。

英文摘要：

As a new type of residuum hydrotreating technology, the up-flow reactor can be combined with traditional fixed beds so that a combinatorial residuum hydrotreating technology is formed, which can deal with those poor-quality crude oils and prolong the operat- ing period. In this work, an up-flow reactor with an inner diameter of 80 mm was built up. Alumina balls were used as packed particles and air was the gas phase while glycerine solution was the liquid phase. The effects of several factors on the flow characteristics in the up-flow reactor were tested, such as the space velocity ratio, gas-liquid ratio, height-to-diameter ratio, particle diameter and liquid vis- cosity. The experimental results showed that within a certain range of operating conditions, the pressure drop decreased with the in- crease of space velocity and gas-liquid ratio. The more pronounced decrease happened when the height-to-diameter ratio increased. In addition, the total bed pressure drop with small particles was larger than that with larger particles, and the effect of particle size on the total bed pressure drop increased with the space velocity ratio. The total pressure drop also increased with the liquid phase viscosity and the action of liquid viscosity on the total bed pressure drop was slightly intensified with the increase of the height-to-diameter ratio.