中文摘要：

以济宁市采煤塌陷区粉煤灰充填、煤矸石充填、引湖充填、引黄充填、预复垦5种方式的复垦土壤为研究对象，研究不同复垦方式对土壤养分及整体肥力恢复程度的影响。结果表明，在0~30cm耕作层，煤矸石充填较其他方式对复垦土壤碱解氮、有效磷和有机质的含量提升效果更显著，分别达28.07mg/kg、45.15mg/kg、1.14%。速效钾含量以引黄充填最高，粉煤灰充填对耕层土壤碱解氮含量影响最小，预复垦对耕层土壤有效磷、速效钾、有机质含量的影响最小；在30~50cm土层，对复垦土壤养分提升效果最显著的为粉煤灰充填，土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾及有机质分别高于对照地块68.5%、89.0%、71.4%、177.3%。五种复垦方式对耕作层土壤整体肥力的影响由大到小依次为粉煤灰充填地块>煤矸石充填地块>引黄充填地块>引湖充填地块>预复垦地块，在30~50cm土层依次为引湖充填>粉煤灰充填>预复垦>引黄充填>煤矸石充填。综合考虑不同复垦方式对土壤养分及整体肥力恢复程度的影响，粉煤灰充填、引湖充填方式对于济宁地区土壤肥力的恢复效果最为显著，可在该地区进行进一步的推广。

英文摘要：

This paper took the reclamation plots filled with fly ash,coal gangue,Yellow River sediment,lake sediments and the plots prepared for reclamation as the research object in Jining to explore the influences of different reclamation modes on soil nutrients and the total level of soil fertility.The results showed that the available nitrogen,available phosphorus and organic matter increased significantly28.07mg/kg,45.15mg/kg and1.14%respectively at0-30cm depth of the plot filledwith coal gangue.The content of available potassium for the plot filled with Yellow River sediment was highest.Fly ash filling had the worst effect on the content of the available nitrogen.Pre-reclamation had the least influence on the available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter.At the30-50cm depth,fly ash filling had the biggest influence on thesoil fertility.The available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter were68.5%、89.0%、71.4%、177.3%higher than the Control plot.The influence on the total level of soil fertility of five reclamation modes was insequence of the plot filled with fly ash>the plot filled with coal gangue>the plot filled with Yellow River sediment>theplot filled with lake sediments>the plot prepared for reclamation,at the30-50cm depth,the sequence was the plot filled with lake sediments>the plot filled with fly ash>the plot prepared for reclamation>the plot filled with Yellow River sediment>the plot filled with coal gangue.Comprehensive consideration about soil nutrient and the total level of soil fertility,fly ash filling and lake sediments filling had the best effect on the recovery of soil fertility in Jining,and should get further popularization.