中文摘要：

潮滩沉积物样品的实验室光谱测量是对潮滩沉积物野外光谱测量的重要补充，但是不同的实验室测量条件会产生不同的光谱测量结果，进而影响到沉积物光谱特征分析。针对可能对潮滩沉积物样品实验室光谱测量产生影响的因素，设计了培养皿内壁光线反射影响实验、不同视场角及不同高度对光谱测量结果的影响实验以及培养皿摆放位置影响实验，通过分析不同实验方案下测量得到的光谱差异。确定合理的沉积物光谱室内测量方案。实验结果表明：（1）培养皿内壁暴露部分需要做涂黑消光处理，否则玻璃壁对光线的反射会使沉积物反射率测量结果整体增加，增加幅度约为黑壁条件下测量结果的4．1％；（2）在保证沉积物样品探测范围的前提下。测量高度对小视场角的光谱测量结果有较大影响．但是不同高度下的光谱曲线之间存在显著的线性相关关系．相关系数为0．954；（3）测量干土光谱时培养皿摆放位置对测试结果影响很小，而当测量湿土光谱时，在靠近人工光源的位置测量会产生较大测量偏差，需要通过多点位测量求平均来减小沉积物表面不均一性对光谱测量结果的影响。

英文摘要：

Laboratory spectrum measurement can be thought of as a beneficial supplement to field spectrum t, however, different observation environment will lead to different results, which in turn affects the spectral characteristics of sediment. Thus, an experiment was designed to figure out the spectral response when observation angle and height varied and culture dish placement changed, meanwhile the light pollution from the inner wall of culture dish was also considered in this process. Through spectral analysis and comparison of reflectance measured under different observation conditions, a reasonable operation procedure was proposed and the results indicates that： （1） The inner wall of culture dish which is exposed in air should be paint with black color for reducing light pollution from the wall of culture dish, otherwise reflectance of sediment would approximately increase the extent of 4.1% about the reflectance measured under black wall condition; （2） Sediment spectra were sensitive to the change of observation height under relatively small observation IFOV, however, the spectra measured under different observation height possessed significant linear correlation while the correlation coefficient reached 0.954; （3） The placement of culture dish effected reflectance of dry sediment diminutively, on the contrary, reflectance had an obvious change when culture dish moved to artificial light source, in the latter condition, spectra of sediment measured from multiple nadir location should be averaged to reduce the effects of sediment surface heterogeneity on optical measurements.