碳纳米管和石墨烯作为近年来兴起的新型纳米炭材料,以其独特的一维,二维结构形态和卓越的物理性能已引起人们广泛关注.将纳米炭材料与环氧树脂进行复合制得纳米炭/环氧树脂复合材料,可以赋予材料更为优异的力学、电学、热学等综合性能.纳米炭材料的加入可以在复合材料内部引入更多的界面,造成显著的能量耗散,从而使得纳米复合材料在具有轻质高强特性的同时,兼具优异的黏弹阻尼性能,对于延长材料使用寿命、提高材料减震降噪性能等方面具有极为重要的意义.本文主要论述了纳米炭/环氧树脂复合材料的黏弹阻尼性能以及近期的相关研究进展,重点阐述碳纳米管、石墨烯及其复合材料的阻尼作用机理,介绍了纳米复合材料黏弹阻尼性能的测试方法,指出纳米炭/环氧树脂阻尼复合材料领域存在的主要问题,并对其应用前景进行了展望.
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene, as novel nanocarbon materials, have aroused great attention due to their unique microstructure and extraordinary physical properties. Nanocarbon/epoxy composites, combining nanocabon materials and epoxy together, exhibit excellent mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. The addition of nanocarbon materials can greatly introduce more interfaces into composites, consequently resulting in much energy dissipation under cyclic loads. These nanocarbon/epoxy composites show some advantages of light weight, high strength, and high viscoelastic damping, which is beneficial to prolong service life of materials and improve vibration-absorbing performance. In this paper, we reviewed recent advances in viscoelastic damping of nanocarbon/epoxy composites. Intrinsic viscoelasticity of nanocarbon materials such as CNTs and graphene was introduced. We also demonstrated the viscoelastic damping of the CNT and graphene filled epoxy composites. Moreover, related measuring methods for damping of composites were introduced as well. Some existing problems in the field of viscoelastic damping composite materials were further discussed.