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中国特大城市要素效率及其提高潜力研究

ISSN号：1007-7588
期刊名称：资源科学
时间：0
页码：338-345
语言：中文
分类：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] F224.0[经济管理—国民经济]
作者机构：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101
相关基金：国家自然科学项目（编号：40671054）; 国家自然科学重点基金（编号：40635026）
相关项目：空间组织与空间效率的基础理论研究

作者：郭腾云|

关键词： DEA模型方法, 要素效率, 提高潜力, 主要特大城市, 中国, DEA method, Productive factor efficiency, Improving potentials, Megalopolis, China

中文摘要：

利用数据包络分析模型方法对中国主要特大城市要素效率及其提高潜力进行了比较深入的研究,得出的主要结论包括：①主要特大城市要素效率水平一般,且大部分城市要素效率偏低;②导致要素效率偏低的主要原因在于纯技术效率偏低;③主要特大城市要素效率的提高潜力都比较大,且呈现出明显的由东部沿海地区向西部地区逐渐提高的空间分异现象;④主要特大城市要素效率的提高潜力与城市规模等级呈负相关的关系。从要素效率和提高潜力上看,主要特大城市土地等资源紧张的原因主要在于利用效率不高,因此,通过技术进步,走资源节约型的可持续发展道路应成为这些特大城市发展的重要方向;提高要素的效率应成为我国政府主导型特大城市发展的主要策略和缓解其土地等资源紧张的有效方式;提高城市自身及其所在区域的技术经济水平应成为提高城市要素效率的重要途径。

英文摘要：

Driven by the thought of building opening megalopolis to the outside world, most of megalopolises in China have significantly expanded in size of land and population since the early 1990s. To this end, the inputs of productive factors, such as land and capital, to the megalopolises have rapidly increased year by year. However, the productive factors, such as land and capital, are still the major limiting factors on economic and social development in these megalopolises. Therefore, it is critical for promoting economic and social development of the megalopolises, documenting the reasons and figuring out sound solutions to the shortages of land and capital to explore the economic efficiencies of productive factors and to improve potentials of the megalopolises in China. In this paper, the authors used the Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA） method to quantify the economic efficiencies of productive factors. The potentials of main megalopolises with a non-agricultural population more than one million in their urbanized areas in year 1990 were investigated in depth based on statistics in 1990, 2000 and 2006, respectively. Some interesting findings were given as follows. First, the DEA results showed that the economic efficiencies of the productive factors of megalopolises were not too high. Most of megalopolises were in DEA inefficiency, but with great potentials to be improved. Second, the reasons for these lie in the fact that both pure technical efficiencies and scale efficiencies of most metropolises were in DEA inefficiency, showing the pure technical efficiencies lower than scale efficiencies. Third, it was found that improving potentials of the productive factor efficiencies decreased progressively from Eastern China to Central China, and to Western China. The improving potentials of the productive factor efficiencies were also found to be negatively correlated with the population sizes of megalopolis. In the end, some implications were given based on the findings. First, the reasons for shortages of the produ

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