中文摘要：

以汕优63和武运粳7号为材料，研究了两种有机污染物1，2，4-三氯苯（TCB）和萘（NAP）对水稻产量及其构成因子的影响并提出了减少籽粒中残留的调控措施。TCB明显降低两个水稻品种的移栽成活率，这是导致产量明显降低的主要原因；NAP对水稻移栽成活率影响较小。两种有机污染物都引起水稻抽穗期延迟。在产量构成因子中，每盆穗数和结实率是影响产量的两个主要因子。两种有机污染物均影响稻米品质，对稻米的垩白度影响最明显，其次是精米率、整精米率、蛋白质含量和直链淀粉含量，而对出糙率几乎无影响。TCB和NAP在水稻籽粒中都有残留，而NAP的含量几乎是TCB的10倍，表明NAP的生物可利用性要比TCB高。汕优63籽粒积累两种有机物的能力明显高于武运粳7号。增施有机肥以及N、P、K肥可明显减轻有机污染物的毒害作用，从而提高产量。上述结果说明，在污水灌溉实践中要注意控制秧苗移栽期灌溉水的质量，严格控制水中TCB尤其是NAP的含量，并通过适当的肥水等栽培措施进行调控，以保证产量和粮食安全。

英文摘要：

With rice varieties Shanyou 63 （indica hybrid） and Wuyujing 7 （japonica） as materials, the effects of 1,2,4 trichlorobenzene （TCB） and naphthalene （NAP） on grain yield, yield components, and grain quality were studied and regulation strategies to reduce the residue in rice grain were proposed. The survival percentage of rice seedlings was significantly reduced by TCB, which was the main reason for the decrease of the grain yield, while NAP had little effect. Both TCB and NAP delayed the heading date of rice. Among the yield components, decreases in number of panicles per pot and seed setting rate were two main reasons for the yield reduction. Both of the organic pollutants affected the grain quality, and their effects on chalkiness were the greatest, the next was on milled rice rate, head rice rate, protein content and amylose content in order, and the both pollutants had little effect on brown rice rate of the two tested varieties. The NAP content was as ten times as TCB content in grains, indicating that the bioavailability of NAP was higher than that of TCB. Shanyou 63 accumulated more organic pollutants than Wuyunjing 7. Application of organic and inorganic fertilizer could reduce the harm of TCB and NAP. and increase grain yield. The results suggested that in sewage water irrigation practice, the supply of irrigation water in good quality is necessary for higher survival percentage of seedlings after transplanting, and controlling TCB, especially NAP content, and adoption of reasonable cultivation strategies are very important for high grain yield and food safety.