中文摘要：

理论和实验研究表明,牛顿环实验中平凸透镜和平板玻璃的弹性形变和磨损,影响平凸透镜曲率半径的准确测量,采用干涉级数差法可以消除平凸透镜的磨损和弹性形变、平板玻璃的磨损对平凸透镜曲率半径测量的影响。另外,平板玻璃的弹性形变会引起平凸透镜曲率半径的测量值偏大,可通过测量较高级数的干涉条纹减小这种测量误差。因此,在牛顿环实验中应尽量避免平板玻璃发生弹性形变,也就是干涉圆环的中心暗斑的尺寸应该尽量小,同时测量级数较高的干涉条纹且采用干涉级数差法计算平凸透镜的曲率半径。

英文摘要：

The theoretical and experiment studies show that the wear and elastic deformation of flat convex lens and flat glass affect the accurate measurement of curvature radius in Newton＇s ring experiment. A method based on the interference series difference is present. This method can eliminate the effects of wear and elastic deformation of flat convex lens and flat glass on the measurement of curvature radius. Additionally, the measurement value of the curvature radius becomes larger because of the elas- tic deformation of fiat glass. But, this measurement error, caused by the the elastic deformation of fiat glass, can be reduced by measuring the interference fringes with higher series. Consequently, we should try to avoid the elastic deformation of fiat glass in Newton＇s ring experiment. In other words, the size of the center dark spot of interference ring should be as small as possible. At the same time, the interference fringes with higher series should be measured and the curvature radius of fiat convex lens should be calculated by the interference series difference method.