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中文摘要：
中国是世界范围内石漠化最严重的国家之一,植被恢复是治理石漠化灾害的根本途径,而重建石漠化地区乔木-灌木-草本生态系统是一项全球性的环境科学问题。着眼于灰岩地区岩体裂隙发育且裂隙内地下水较丰富的地质环境条件,遵循从“乔木→灌木→草本”的石漠化地区生态系统重建思路,提出了“一个基盘一棵树”的乔木树种栽种原则,研发了乔木种植基盘技术。乔木种植基盘包括基盘母体、汲湿根和防蒸发盖三部分,其中基盘母体和汲湿根内填充有保水性营养土,通过试验遴选出了营养土的组成成分并得到优化配合比。给出了基盘技术的现场应用方法。该技术能保障基盘内所栽种乔木树苗的早期成活和后期可持续生长,特别是汲湿根是乔木树苗根系深入岩体并可持续吸收裂隙水的良好通道。研究结果表明,该技术实用性强,为有效解决石漠化地区植被恢复问题找到了一条新路径。
英文摘要：
China is one of countries with serious rocky desertification area in the world. Vegetation recovery is the primary approach to governance rocky desertification disasters, while it is a global environmental science problem to reconstruct the arbor-shrub-grass ecosystem. Paying attention to Geological conditions with rich rock fissures and abundant groundwater in these fissures, following the idea to reconstruct ecosystem from arbor to shrub and grass and the principle one tree in a baseplate, authors develop a baseplate technique for tree planting in rocky desertification area. The baseplate includes the parent body, the root to learn water, and the cov- er to prevent evaporation. Especially, there are filled in nutritional soil for the parent body and the root, and the composition of nu- tritional soil are selected by test in laboratory, while optimal mix ratio of the composition is obtained. Then, application method in field is put forward. The technique can guarantee survival at early stage and growth in the later for tree planting in the baseplate. In particular, the root provides a good channel to guide tree roots into fissure rock and absorb groundwater in rock. Test in field show that the baseplate technique has strong practicality in vegetation recovery of rocky desertification area in the world.
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