中文摘要：

为了学习修理的缩放仪的影响，在高速度的火车的空气动力学的特征上放，有八辆汽车的高速度的火车的空气动力学的模型基于计算液体动力学，和八个盒子的理论被建立，缩放仪在不同位置上并且在不同运作的取向修理了被考虑。缩放仪在前面或第一辆中间的汽车的后面的结束上被修理或在前面或最后中间的汽车的后面的结束上修理了。高速度的火车的外部流动领域数字地用软件 STAR-CCM+ 被模仿。结果证明修理位置的缩放仪穿上小效果空气动力学拖头汽车的力量并且穿上大效果空气动力学拖尾巴汽车的力量。在头汽车，尾巴汽车和缩放仪的空气动力学的电梯力量上修理位置的缩放仪的影响是明显的。在八个盒子之中，认为总数空气动力学拖火车的力量和提起的缩放仪的空气动力学的电梯力量，当缩放仪在最后中间的汽车的后面的结束被修理，提起的缩放仪在指节在上游的取向时，高速度的火车的空气动力学的表演是最好。

英文摘要：

To study the influence of the pantograph fixing position on aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed trains, the aerodynamic models of high-speed trains with eight cars were established based on the theory of com- putational fluid dynamics, and eight cases with pantographs fixed on different positions and in different operational orientations were considered. The pantographs were fixed on the front or the rear end of the first middle car or fixed on the front or the rear end of the last middle car. The external flow fields of the high-speed trains were numeri- cally simulated using the software STAR-CCM＋. The results show that the pantograph fixing position has little effect on the aerodynamic drag force of the head car and has a large effect on the aerodynamic drag force of the tail car. The influences of the pantograph fixing position on the aerodynamic lift forces of the head car, tail car and pan- tographs are obvious. Among the eight cases, considering the total aerodynamic drag force of the train and the aerodynamic lift force of the lifted pantograph, when the pantographs are fixed on the rear end of the last middle car and the lifted pantograph is in the knuckle-upstream ori- entation, the aerodynamic performance of the high-speed train is the best.