中文摘要：

通过估计墙体厚度及介电常数等环境参数来进行补偿成像是近年来穿墙雷达成像研究领域的热点。为解决传统穿墙成像模型中天线需要严格平行于墙体的限制，以及现有的环境参数估计算法计算效率低，稳健性较差的问题，该文建立了一种新的多发多收（MIMO）体制穿墙雷达成像模型以适应阵列与墙体位置关系未知的情况，同时根据该模型下墙体前后沿回波路径模型，提出一种仅依赖于墙体回波时延的环境参数估计算法，稳健性高并且运算复杂度低。时域有限差分（FDTD）仿真数据验证了成像模型和环境参数估计算法的有效性。

英文摘要：

Through-the-wall radar imaging by estimating the wall thickness and the dielectric constant is a hot research field in recent years. In order to lift strict restriction that the antenna should parallel to the wall in the traditional through-wall imaging model, and to solve the existing environmental parameters estimation algorithm with low computational efficiency and poor robustness problem, a novel linear MIMO array through-wall imaging model is proposed to adapt to the situation with unknown positional relationship between the array and the wall. Furthermore, based on the analysis of the echo path of the front and rear walls, this paper also presents a novel environmental parameters estimation algorithm with high estimation robustness and low computational complexity. Comparing to the conventional environmental parameters estimation algorithm, this proposed algorithm needs neither extra operations nor special targets to assist. The results calculated from Finite Difference Time Domain （FDTD） simulation verify the effectiveness of the proposed imaging model and environmental parameters estimation algorithm.