中文摘要：

目的建立饮水型大鼠氟斑牙模型,为深入研究氟性骨损伤发病机制提供科学依据。方法采用饮水加氟的方法复制大鼠氟斑牙模型,染氟剂量采用日测体重然后按体重（mg/kg）给予及尿氟、血氟监测的方法进行,尿氟、血氟采用微量氟法测定,血清中碱性磷酸酶（ALP）采用全自动生化分析仪测定,氟斑牙采用数码相机拍照,按照氟斑牙观测标准进行诊断及分度。结果 90 d末,高、中剂量组大鼠均出现明显氟斑牙,尿氟、血氟及血ALP含量与对照组相比均明显升高（P〈0.05）。染氟剂量与尿氟水平显著相关（r=0.924,P=0.038）;染氟剂量与血氟水平呈显著相关（r=0.948,P=0.026）;高、中剂量组大鼠氟负荷水平明显高于对照组;氟斑牙发生率与染氟剂量呈正相关（r=0.983,P=0.017）。结论染氟剂量与氟斑牙的发生存在明显的剂量-反应关系：16 mg/kg和32 mg/kg的染氟剂量,14 d即可发生Ⅰ度氟斑牙,35 d即可发生典型氟斑牙。

英文摘要：

Objective To establish a rat mo del of dental fluorosis by drinking ther eby provide a scientific basis for resea rching the pathogenesis of dental fluor osis.Methods The animal model of dental fluorosis was made by adding fluoride in drinking water for rats,the dose was ad justed with the daily body weight（mg/kg）,the urine and blood fluoride were monit ored everyday by micro determination of fluoride;meanwhile,the serum ALP was als o detected by automatic biochemical anal yzer.At last,the dental fluorosis was do cumented by photographing with digital c amera and diagnosis was made according to th e dental fluorosis criteria.Results The r esults showed that all the rats exposed to middle and high doses of fluorine dev eloped significant dental fluorosis 90 day s later after exposure,the urinary fluor ide,blood fluoride and serum ALP also increased compared with those of control gr oup（P〈0.05）.The urine fluorine and blood fluorine were all markedly associated w ith exposure levels（r=0.924,P=0.038 and r=0.948,P=0.026,respectively）;and the in cidence of dental fluorosis was well pos itively correlated with fluoride dose（r= 0.983,P=0.017）.Conclusion The results s uggested that there is an evident dose-r esponse relationship between dental fluo rosis incidence and fluorine exposure do se：given 16 mg/kg of fluorine may induce Ⅰ degree of dental fluorosis in 14 d an d 32 mg/kg of fluorine may induce typica l dental fluorosis in 35 d in rats.