中文摘要：

具有能量存储特性的负荷主动参与功率平衡控制，将对系统运行带来积极影响。以空调负荷为例，设计一种负荷调度控制构架，提出基于多样性保持的负荷群调度控制策略。首先，分析负荷控制造成负荷群多样性破坏的机理，提出保持多样性的控制策略，考虑通信延迟对控制效果的影响，根据随机抽样理论设计负荷群跟踪有功控制指令的算法。为避免负荷恢复时出现“二次峰荷”，提出分时段负荷恢复策略。之后，在卡尔曼滤波估计负荷群运行状态的基础上，建立负荷群的优化调度模型，采用混合整数规划法进行求解。最后，通过算例仿真验证了所提空调负荷群调度控制策略的有效性。

英文摘要：

Loads with energy storage property can actively participate in power balance control, which will have positive impact on power system operation. A dispatch and control architecture was designed for air-conditioning load groups with associated strategies for maintaining load diversity proposed. A load control strategy was presented accounting for load diversity through analyzing the mechanism of diversity loss caused by inappropriate control schemes. The impact of communication delay was evaluated on the control effect. A random sampling algorithm was designed for tracking the power control objective of a load group. A segmental load recovery scheme was proposed avoiding ＂recovery peak＂. By extracting states of load groups via Kalman filter based state estimation, an optimal dispatch model was constructed for the load groups in response to the assigned dispatch signal, which was solved by mixed integer programming. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed dispatch and control strategies for air-conditioning load groups.