中文摘要：

对河北坝上康保地区天然草地、人工林、农田和退耕地四种土地利用方式的输沙量、风速廓线以及土壤的理化性质进行观测和分析。结果显示：天然草地的地表硬度最大,输沙量最小,表层土壤粗颗粒含量最低;农田地表含水量和硬度最小,输沙量最大,有机质含量最低,表层土壤粗颗粒含量最高;人工林地土壤水分含量较高,输沙量较低,有机质含量较高;退耕还灌木地表层含水量较低,地表硬度和空气动力学粗糙度较大,输沙量大于林地,有机质含量低于林地。表明土壤风蚀受地表含水量、硬度以及空气动力学粗糙度的共同作用影响,三者均不同程度受地表植被的影响,反映了地表植被类型对土壤风蚀的潜在影响。因此,在优先保护原生植被的前提下,重视植被生态恢复建设,着重提高地表植被覆盖度,以改善土壤结构,提高土壤有机质含量,增强土壤抗风蚀能力。

英文摘要：

In this research, we observed and analyzed physical and chemical properties of different land use the transported sediment, wind speed profile and the soil patterns in Bashing area, Hebei, China, which include natural grassland, man - made forests, farmland and abandoned lands. The results showed that the surface hardness of the natural grassland shows the largest value, while the transported sediment and surface soil coarse particle content are the minimum. The surface soil water content, organic matter content, surface soil coarse particle content and hardness of the farmland are the minimum and the sediment is the maximum. The elm and poplar wood land have higher soil moisture content and organic matter content, which may make the transported sedi- ment lower. Although the aerodynamic roughness, transported sediment and the surface hardness of the shrub land are higher than the woodland, but the surface soil moisture content and organic matter content are lower than woodland. The results indicate that wind erosion is directly influenced by the soil moisture, hardness and aerodynamic roughness, which are finally governed by the surface vegetation type and coverage. Therefore, to improve soil structure, increase soil organic matter content, and enhance the ability of soil resistance to wind erosion under the premise of preferential protection of native vegetation, we should focus on vegetation restoration and construction measures, and further increase surface vegetation coverage.