中文摘要：

利用水热法合成了Gd掺杂的具有上转换发光特性的NaYF4：Gd/Yb/Er纳米棒,对材料的形貌、晶体类型和光致发光光谱进行了分析.采用化学方法在上转换发光纳米棒表面修饰了聚乙二醇分子,使油溶性的NaYF4：Gd/Yb/Er纳米棒转化成了水溶性纳米材料,实现了离体细胞的上转换发光成像.

英文摘要：

We synthesized NaYFn：Gd/Yb/Er upconversion nanophosphors doped with Gd. The as-synthesized upconversion nanorods were confirmed to be with well-monodisperse and good fluorescence properties. Polyethylene glycol （PEG） was covalently grafted to and suspended with hydroxyl and carboxylic groups of upconversion nanorods with the help of 1,1-carbonyldiimidazole （CDI）. The application of PEG-functionalized upconversion nanorods in cell imaging was explored.