中文摘要：

晚清白话文运动为“五四”白话文运动作了不可或缺的历史积淀与开拓奠基，然而却不可能凭借自身的力量直接发展成为“五四”白话文运动和文学革命。较之晚清，“五四”白话文运动取得成功的关键，在于与新文化运动的合流、与文学革命的合流、与国语运动的合流及其显示出的新文学创作实绩。“五四”白话文运动与新文化运动的合流，将作为工具和载体的语言革命与思想文化革命紧密结合起来，迅速实现了双赢局面；与文学革命的合流，将语言的问题和文学的问题紧密联系起来，将主攻方向定位在文学革命，从而改变了晚清白话文运动的性质与流向，实现了历史的飞跃；与国语运动的合流，使其汇聚在“国语的文学，文学的国语”旗帜下，形成双潮合一之观；而“五四”新文学显示出的创作实绩，正是“国语的文学”和“文学的国语”的双重实现，也是真正推动现代书写语言发展的新文学能够站稳脚跟的关键环节。

英文摘要：

The Vernacular Movement in the Late Qing Dynasty makes indispensible historical accumulations and pioneering foun- dations for the May 4th Vernacular Movement. But it could not means lead directly to the May 4th Vernacular Movement and the Literary Revolution in its own light. Compared with that in the Late Qing Dynasty, the May 4th Vernacular Movement is success- ful owing to its merger with New Culture Movement, Literary Revolution and Mandarin Chinese Movement, as well as the achieve- ments on the part of the New Literature. The merger of the May 4th Vernacular Movement with the New Culture Movement com- bines the language revolution as a tool and media with the cultural revolution, resulting in an instantaneous win -win situation. The merger of the May 4th Vernacular Movement.with the Literary Revolution combines linguistic issues with literary issues, mak- ing a historical progress by focusing on the Literary Revolution and leading the Vernacular Movement in the Late Qing Dynasty in- to digression. The merger of the May 4th Vernacular Movement with the Mandarin Chinese Movement finds its expression in ＂lit- erature of Mandarin Chinese＂ and ＂Mandarin Chinese of literature＂, producing the view of two movements combined into one. The literary achievements of the May 4th New Literature are just the outcomes of the dual realizations of ＂literature of Mandarin Chinese＂ and ＂ Mandarin Chinese of literature＂, playing a key role in gaining the foothold for the New Literature as a significant role in promoting modem writing language.