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中文摘要：
别尔嘉耶夫的历史哲学理论以其鲜明的独特性、时代性、民族性,不仅在俄国而且在世界范围内占据着特殊的位置。他的历史哲学理论并非是一种纯粹的理论学说,而是有着强烈的实践指向性,是基于时代性危机的产物。在他看来,时代性危机源于客体化,并就客体化的根源、实质、特征、表现形态等进行了分析。通过这些分析他力图指出,在现代社会客体化的渗透、侵袭已无孔不入,人类社会已处于前所未有的异化与奴役状态。基于人类社会所面临的前所未有的深层危机,基于已处于即将迸发的火山之口的危机时刻,别尔嘉耶夫力图通过历史哲学的建构为人类的未来指明出路。之所以对历史哲学充满期待,源于在他看来历史哲学是通向终结、通向末世的,通过历史哲学的理论建构能最终终结客体化、克服恶。总体而言,别尔嘉耶夫的历史哲学体系建构及所期许的现实指向是与民众、现实相脱节的,具有明显的乌托邦色彩,更多地呈现为一种精神意义上的自我救赎。
英文摘要：
Theory of Historical Philosophy of Berdyaev holds a special position worldwide for its unique, tem- poral and national quality. His theory is not purely theoretical, but very practical as well, which results from the crisis of the time. In his opinion, temporal crisis results from objectification, and he studies the root, es- sence, feature, and expressive state of it. Through these analyses, he points out that the penetration and inva- sion of objectification in modern society is everywhere and human society is alienated and enslaved unprece- dentedly. Based on this deep level crisis and moments just before the eruption of the volcano, he tries to point out a path for the future with the construction of Historical Philosophy. The expectation of Historical Philoso- phy results from his view of it as the path to eternality and end of the world. The theoretical construction of His- torical Philosophy can end objectification and overcome evil. All in all, his systematic construction of Histori- cal Philosophy and reality oriented by it is away from people or reality, with Utopia color and can be regarded as a spiritual redemption.
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