中文摘要：

通过试验研究了地下水人工回灌过程中微生物堵塞对含水介质渗透性的影响。以雪水中的菌体为微生物样品，在不同质量浓度的培养基中进行培养，利用紫外分光光度计测定其吸光度，确定适合微生物生长的培养基配比为葡萄糖0.312 g/100 mL、硝酸钾0.15 g/100 mL。将菌液与高纯水混合，使其与培养基同时连续注入利用自行研制的人工回灌试验系统，模拟多孔介质中微生物堵塞的过程。在试验过程中，逐时观测砂柱不同位置的测压管水位并采集水样，利用达西公式和平板计数法分别确定渗透系数和微生物数量。结果表明，微生物堵塞可直接导致含水介质渗透性的降低，在10 d内，渗流量从初始的0.23 cm^3 /s衰减到0.01 cm^3 /s。在试验进行25 h时，砂柱表层渗透系数从0.012 cm/s下降到0.002 cm/s，而表层以下渗透系数基本保持稳定，同时，砂柱上层微生物数量在试验初期出现峰值后迅速降低并保持稳定，而下层微生物数量始终维持在较低水平。砂柱中微生物量随时间不断增加，其中高生物量区主要分布在砂柱上部，低生物量区主要分布在砂柱下部，同时观测到杆菌、球菌及丝状细菌。

英文摘要：

The given paper is inclined to present the investigation results of our experimental research of the effect of bio-clogging on the hydraulic conductivity of the porous media. In the paper, we have cultivated bacteria from the snow-transformed water at different concentrations of nutrient substrate with the initial concentration of bacteria being determined by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer at 600 nm, and then we have achieved the most suitable concentrations for the microbial growth, for example： glucose 3.12 g/L with potassium nitrate 1.5 g/L. When mixed with the demonized water, the nutrient substrate can be injected into the column to simulate the microbial clogging processes. And, now, it is necessary to do careful monitoring activities and pay close attention to piezometric head （ H ）, volumetric flow rate （ Q ） in the whole process of the said experiment. And, after that, it would be necessary to determine the hydraulic conductivity and the population of the microorganisms by Darcy＇s law and plate count method, respectively. The experimental results have shown that the microbial clog may directly lead to the decrease of porous media permeability while the flowing rate may change from the initial 0.23 cm^3 /s to 0.01 cm^3 /s in the whole progress of the 10-day-lasting experiment. Although the hydraulic conductivity of the surface layer of sand column may decrease from 0.012 cm/s to 0.002 cm/s, the hydraulic conductivity below the surface layer on the whole remains stable. In the meantime, the concentration of the microbial cells in the upper part of the sand column tends to reach the highest value and then stay at a rather steady state. On the other hand, the concentration of the microbial cells in the lower part of the sand column tends to stay always at a lower level. Under the powerful microbial microscope （Leica DM2500）, it is possible to find the microbial biomass in the sand column tends to increase with the time, though the high biomass is mainly distributed in the upper parts