以铅或铅合金(统称铅基材料)为冷却剂的反应堆具有良好的中子学、热工水力学和安全特性,已成为第四代先进核能系统、加速器驱动次临界核能系统(ADS)以及聚变堆的主要候选堆型之一。本文简要介绍了先进核能系统发展趋势和铅基反应堆在核能发展中的地位,重点对铅基反应堆的发展历史与现状、铅基反应堆的基本特性以及铅基反应堆未来的发展前景进行了总结。
Lead-based reactor has become the most promising candidate for Generation IV nuclear system, accelerator driven sub-critical system and fusion reactor, due to its good neutronics, thermal-hydraulics and inherent safety properties, and most likely it will impact the development trend of nuclear energy. In this paper, the development status and prospects of lead-based reactors were introduced and the potential role in future nuclear energy development was summarized.