中文摘要：

采用RT-PCR方法,用Wpkci和β-actin引物进行多重PCR鉴定66～120 h鹌鹑胚胎样本性别后,选取不同时间点雌、雄胚胎各4枚,以β-actin为内标,测定bcl-2 mRNA的相对丰度;探讨bcl-2对鹌鹑早期胚胎发育的影响。结果表明：①雄性胚胎在66～90 h bcl-2 mRNA表达量一直维持在较低水平,96～102 h bcl-2 mRNA有所增加,但96与102 h间差异不显著（P〉0.05）,在108 h显著降低（P〈0.05）;与108 h相比,114 h显著升高,120 h维持在较高水平。雄性胚胎在66～108 h（72h除外）bcl-2 mRNA表达均比雌性胚胎的表达量低,在114～120 h bcl-2 mRNA表达水平均比雌性胚胎的高。②雌性胚胎在66～90 h bcl-2 mRNA表达量一直维持在较低水平;与90 h相比,96 h显著升高,96～120 h逐渐降低,其中96～108 h下降,但三者间差异不显著（P〉0.05）;与108 h相比,114～120 h显著下降（P〈0.05）。③相同时间点雌、雄胚胎间的比较结果表明,84 h雌性胚胎bcl-2 mRNA表达显著高于雄性胚胎（P〈0.05）,90、108 h雌性胚胎bcl-2 mRNA表达极显著高于雄性胚胎（P〈0.01）;而在120 h雄性胚胎bcl-2 mRNA表达极显著高于雌性胚胎（P〈0.01）。鹌鹑胚胎发育早期,雌、雄样本bcl-2mRNA表达存在一定的时序性,说明bcl-2对雌、雄鹌鹑早期分化及早期胚胎发育有重要影响。

英文摘要：

The method of RT-PCR was used to multiply PCR to identify and clarify the quail embryo sex form 66 to 120 hatch hours with primers of Wpkci and β-actin,then selected four embryos of female and male respectively at each period,taken β-actin for internal standard to determine the relative quantity of embryo bcl-2 mRNA,to investigate the influences of apoptotic factors bcl-2 on early embryos of quail.The results showed that：① The bcl-2 mRNA expression of male embryos maintained lower level between 66 to 90 h of embryo stage,and it rose slowly between 96 to 102 h,the differences were not significant（P〉0.05）;The bcl-2 mRNA expression of male embryos declined on 108 h（P〈0.05）,but it rose distinctly on 114 h compare with 108 h（P〈0.05）,then maintained higher level on 120 h.The bcl-2 mRNA expression of male embryos were higher than female embryos from 66 to 108 h（expect 72 h）,but they were lower than female embryos from 114 to 120 h of embryo stage.② The bcl-2 mRNA expression of female embryos maintained lower level between 66 to 90 h of embryo stage;it rose distinctly on 96 h compare with 90 h（P〈0.05）,and declined slowly from 96 to 108 h,the differences were no significant of them（P〉0.05）,then declined distinctly between 114 to 120 h compare with 108 h（P〈0.05）.③ On the stage of 84 h,the bcl-2 mRNA expression of female embryos were higher than male embryos,and the difference was significant（P〈0.05）;The expression of bcl-2 mRNA in female embryos were higher than male embryos at 90 and 108 h of embryo stage（P〈0.01）.But,the bcl-2 mRNA expression of male embryos were very higher than female embryos at 120 h of embryo stage（P〈0.01）.To some extent,bcl-2 mRNA expression of female and male embryos in the embryonic development was sequential,indicated that the bcl-2 genes had an important effect on the development of the quail embryos.