中文摘要：

以黑河下游狼心山至东居延海的河流沿岸为研究对象,采用野外调查和室内分析相结合的方法,研究其土壤养分和盐分的特征及影响因素、相互关系。通过对2011年7月采集的土壤样品进行分析,得出结果：（1）黑河下游河流沿岸土壤全氮、有机质、铵态氮及硝态氮的总体变化趋势是相似的,且与植被覆盖度的变化有不同程度的相关性。（2）土壤硝态氮含量最大,变化范围广,且沿河流沿岸分布分散,其次是铵态氮。土壤盐分中除HCO3-外,其他离子的分布在不同样点、不同深度有很大变异性。（3）主成分分析综合反映土壤综合性状和植被生长条件,第一、第二、第三主成分分别反映土壤盐分水平、土壤的综合养分水平及土壤的含水量。

英文摘要：

According to field study and the soil analysis result of laboratory test in July,2011,soil nutrient,soil salinity and correlations between them along the lower reaches area of Heihe river were researched.The main results were as follows：（1）The variation tendency of total nitrogen,organic matter,nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were similar along the river,and presented considerable but different correlations with the vegetation fractions.（2）Among them,the nitrate nitrogen content was most variable,as well as wide distribution in the soil,and the available changed within the range of 0.06~261.62 mg/kg,and ammonium nitrogen was secondary.Except for HCO-3 content,the others in the soil were variability largely at different sites and allopelagic in the soil.（3）To reflect synthetically the comprehensive character of soil and the environment of vegetation growth,the results of principal component analysis of soil factors revealed that the contribution ratio of the first,the second and the third principal components was 73.43%,and reflected the soil salinity,the synthetic nutrient level of soil,and the water content of soil,respectively.