中文摘要：

我国正处于结构调整和发展方式转变的关键时期。文章用演化理论阐释了工业革命的性质，及其与科技革命和范式转换的联系与区别，探析了第三次工业革命的内涵。第三次工业革命在技术、生产和组织上，表现出与当前经济范式截然不同的特征。尽管支撑第三次工业革命的主要技术和产业尚未完全成熟，但是第三次工业革命已现端倪，不容忽视。第三次工业革命在给中国新兴产业和社会发展带来历史机遇的同时，也对传统自上而下的管理方式提出挑战。为了适应生产力发展的需要，传统管理方式需从直接干预向营造环境转变。

英文摘要：

It is the key period for China to adjust economy structure and change development mode. This article explains the nature of industry revolution with evolutionary theory, and its relationship and difference from S＆T revolution and paradigm shifting, and interprets the meaning of the third industrial revolution, The features of technology, production, and organization of the third industrial revolution are very different from which of the current economic paradigm. The main technology and in dustries for the third industrial revolution are not mature, but the third industrial revolution is emerging, which should not be ignored. The third industrial revolution will bring challenges to the traditional administration as well as opportunities for the emerging industries and society. The traditional administration should transform from direct intervention to creating the envi ronment in order to fit for the development of the productive forces