通过末端淬火方法研究7055,7050和7085 3种铝合金厚板的淬透性,采用扫描电镜和透射电子显微镜对微观组织进行分析。研究结果表明:3种合金的淬透层深度分别约45 mm,60 mm和100 mm以上,两端的硬度分别为14%,12%和6%,3种合金的硬度与冷却速率的对数呈线性关系,曲线斜率依次减小。7055和7050合金中Zn与Mg质量比低(Mg含量高),Cu含量高,导致淬火速率低时晶内析出尺寸更大、数量更多的η平衡相,同时也促进了T相和S相的析出,时效后平衡相的周围出现明显的无沉淀析出带,导致硬度下降明显,合金的淬透性大大降低。
The hardenability of 7055, 7050 and 7085 aluminum alloy thick plates was studied by end quenching test. The microstructure was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the hardened depths of the three plates are 45 nun, 60 mm and 100 ram, the hardness differences of the three alloys are 14%, 12% and 6% respectively from spray end to the other one. There exists a linear relationship between hardness and the logarithm of cooling rate and the slopes of curves decrease in sequence. The low mass ratio of Zn to Mg (high Mg content) and high Cu content of 7055 and 7050 alloys result in more equilibrium T1 phases with larger size precipitation during slow cooling rate, and accelerate the precipitation ofT phases and S phases. After aging, obvious precipitation free zone (PFZ) is observed around the equilibrium phases, causing hardness decreased distinctly and hardenability reduced greatly.