中文摘要：

为探究二氧化铅在微生物燃料电池（Microbial fuel cell,简称MFC）中的还原及对产电性能的影响,采用电沉积法成功制备了钛基二氧化铅（PbO2/Ti）,并将其作为阴极材料应用于双室MFC.二氧化铅的价态、晶型、形态特征以及电化学特性分别采用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、X射线衍射光谱（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和循环伏安扫描（CV）进行分析,MFC的产电能力通过COD的去除、输出电压和极化曲线进行表征.结果显示,在以PbO2/Ti为阴极的MFC中COD的降解率可以达到87.68%,明显高于纯钛板的对照（71.4%）.当外阻为1 000Ω时,最大输出电压达到760 mV,约为对照的30倍.最大功率密度达379 mW m^–2,相应的电流密度为1 185 mA m^–2.同时,PbO2被还原为PbO和Pb3（PO4）2.由此可见,二氧化铅由于其具有的强氧化性可作为廉价高效的阴极材料应用于MFC,从而大大提高MFC产电能力.

英文摘要：

In order to research the influences of lead dioxide（PbO2） on reduction and electrogenesis capacity in microbial fuel cell（MFC）,titanium-based lead dioxide（PbO2/Ti） was prepared via an electrodeposition technique and applied in a doublechamber MFC as the cathode material.The valence state,crystal form,morphological character and electrochemical properties of PbO2 were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）,X-ray diffraction spectrum（XRD）,scanning electron microscope（SEM） and cyclic voltammetry（CV）,respectively.Bioelectricity generation of the MFC was evaluated by removal rate of chemical oxygen demand（COD）,voltage output and polarization curve measurement.The results showed that COD removal rate was greater in PbO2/Ti-based MFC（87.68%） than that in Ti-based MFC（71.4%）.The voltage output in the former reached 760 mV with an external resistance of 1 000 Ω,which was 30 times higher than that in the control case.The maximum power density of PbO2/Ti-based MFC was 379 mW m^–2 at a current density of 1 185 mA m^–2.Meanwhile,it was proved that PbO2 was reduced into PbO and Pb3（PO4）2.In conclusion,PbO2 with its strong oxidizing property could be used as cheap and efficient cathode material in MFC,greatly improving the capacity of electricity production.