中文摘要：

声学共鸣法是目前测量Boltzmann常数精度最高的实验方法，圆柱定程干涉法是重要的基础方法之一。由于热边界层和黏性边界层的影响较大，圆柱腔内声学共振频率的能量品质因数（Q值）较低，使得声学共振频率产生了非对称性，对Boltzmann常数的确定造成不可忽略的影响。本文的理论和实验研究表明，低Q值对声学共振频率的一阶相对影响为-1／（8Q^2），通过共振频率的理论修正，可使得低Q值产生的频率非对称性对Boltzmann常数的影响小于2×10^-7，满足Boltzmann常数测量的需求。

英文摘要：

Acoustic resonance method is the most precise experimental method for the determination of the Boltzmann constant at present. Fixed path cylindrical resonator is one of the primary acoustic resonators. Because of the thermal and viscous boundary effects, the quality factors （Q＇s） of cylindrical resonators are much lower. The asymmetry of resonance frequency shapes caused by low Q＇s results in a non-negligible drift of the resonance frequency and Boltzmann constant. The analytical and the experimental investigations on this drift were studied. The results conclude that this drift can be approximated by -1/8Q2. After the theoretical correction, the asymmetry effect caused by low Q＇s can be controlled less than 2×10^-7 which is precise enough in the determination of Boltzmann constant with fixed path cylindrical method.