中文摘要：

《神农本草经》（简称《本经》）按药性、药效、毒性等将药物分成上、中、下三品，其中上品药可“多服、久服”，中品药的使用应“斟酌其宜”，而下品药“多毒，不可久服”。与《中华人民共和国药典》为参照，标识《本经》药物的剂量和毒性，采用描述性统计的方法，计算并比较《本经》三品药物的的最大、最小剂量及剂量阈值；将其与《卫生部关于进一步规范保健食品原料管理的通知》进行对照；分析三品药物各自的剂量分布特点。结果显示，《本经》的药物三品分类原则为临床合理用量提供了一种思路：上品药物的用量范围可以较为宽泛，中品次之，下品药物用量范围应该最窄。

英文摘要：

In Shennong Materia Medica, drugs were divided into three types according to their efficacy, resistance and toxicity. Drugs in first type could be used in a long time, and threshold of dose could be wide. In second type, drugs could be used carefully. Drugs in third type include some poisonous medicine, so the dose should not be high. In the study, the dosage and toxicity of all drugs in Shennong Materia Medica was added according to pharmacopoeis. Maximum, minimum and threshold of dose were calculated. Dosages of drugs in three different types were compared. All drugs in Shennong Materia Medica were compared with the ministry of health on further regulating the raw materials of health food management notice, and analyzed characteristics of dose in three types. It pointed that three-grade classification in Shennong Materia Medica provided a new thought for the clinical rational dosage. The threshold of dose was not same in different type of drugs. Some threshold of dose could be wide than the regulation of pharmaeo-poeis.