中文摘要：

因为 graphene 被发现，学习二维(2D ) 有原子厚度的材料成为了一个热点。准备不同 2D 材料，不同方法被摸索了例如机械脱落，化学蒸汽免职(CVD ) ，液体阶段脱落。这评论主要介绍了 sonication 液体阶段脱落，准备 2D 材料的一个有效方法。与机械脱落和 CVD 方法相比，液体阶段脱落方便、划算并且提供高产量。我们集中了于这个方法的理论、试验性的细节。这个方法从 graphene，转移金属 chalcogenides (TMD ) 的 h-BN 和黑磷 nanosheets 根据 2D 材料的发展被考察。我们讨论了包括的液体剥落 2D 材料的应用微 -- 并且 nanoelectrical 设备，光电的设备，和精力存储设备。

英文摘要：

Since graphene was discovered, the study of two-dimensional （2D） materials with atomic thickness has become a hot spot. To prepare different 2D materials, different methods have been groped, such as mechanical exfoliation, chemical vapor deposition （CVD）, liquid-phase exfoliation. This review mainly introduced the sonication liquid-phase exfoliation, an effective method to prepare 2D materials. Compared with mechanical exfoliation and CVD methods, liquid-phase exfoliation is convenient and cost- effective and provides high yield. We focused on both theoretical and experimental details of this method. This method was reviewed according to the development of 2D materials from graphene, h-BN to transition metal chalcogenides （TMDs） and black phosphorus nanosheets. We discussed the applications of liquid-exfoliated 2D materials including micro- and nanoelectrical devices, photoelectric devices, and energy storage devices.