中文摘要：

铀是重要核燃料资源，也是放射性废液中主要的污染元素之一。铀的吸附涉及到溶液中铀的提取、含铀废水的处理和铀元素化学分析的预富集等。本文从有机官能团化学键合修饰基体的复合材料出发，从基体和有机官能团两方面对溶液中的铀的吸附行为进行了综述，分析了各种官能团所适用的水相pH值、对铀的吸附量和选择性。含有机磷类官能团的复合材料具有pH适用范围广、吸附量和选择性较好的优点，是一种具有良好发展前景的铀复合吸附剂。

英文摘要：

Uranium is a very important nuclear fuel resource as well as one of main radioactive elements in the radioactive contamination liquid waste. Adsorption of uranium involves the extraction of uranium from all solutions and the treatment of uranium-contaminated liquid waste and the preconcentration of uranium for chemical analysis. In the present paper, the adsorption behavior of uranium by different composite adsorbents, whose matrixes were chemically modified with organo-functional groups, is reviewed. The applicable aqueous pH, the adsorption capacity and selectivity to uranium are discussed for different functional groups. The organophosphorus functional group-bearing composite material for uranium adsorption is promising because organophosphorus functional group showed the advantages of wide range of pH, higher adsorption capacity and better selectivity.