中文摘要：

目的 研究长期乙醇作用下，大鼠胰岛的形态结构及其功能的改变。方法 清洁级Wistar大鼠80只（雌雄各半）给予不同浓度的乙醇溶液灌胃。实验第13周末，处死大鼠分离血清检测血糖、胰岛素。在各实验组中随机抽取10只大鼠（雌雄各半）摘取胰腺，做胰腺病理切片用苏木素-伊红（HE）染色及应用免疫组织化学与图像分析技术相结合的方法检测相应胰岛结构参数。结果 50％乙醇灌胃组大鼠血清胰岛素水平降低，空腹血糖升高，胰岛结构参数中胰岛素免疫反应阳性物面积与胰腺组织面积百分比（Ins^＋／panc）、胰岛素免疫反应阳性物面积与胰岛组织面积百分比（Ins^＋／Is1）降低，与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；组织学观察显示，50％乙醇灌胃组胰岛中央部细胞（β细胞）体积明显增大，多数细胞胞浆呈疏松网状或空泡状，细胞排列明显紊乱，梁索间的窦隙血管腔明显变小，部分处于近乎闭塞的状态。结论 长期过量乙醇摄入可使胰岛细胞形态结构破坏，进而影响胰岛的功能，可能与糖尿病的发生有关。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the changes of the function and structure of pancreatic islets of rats after chronic alcohol administration. Methods Rats were given alcohol solution [6ml/（kg·bw·d）] in different concentration（10%, 30% and 50 % ） through intragastric- feeding for 13 weeks. At the end of the experiment, serum glucose and serum insulin were measured. 10 rats （five male, five female） were chosed randomly from each group to make analysis of pathology structure and immunohistochemical image of pancreatic islets. Results Compared with the control group, serum glucose in 50 % alcohol feeding, was increased and serum insulin was decreased （P〈 0.05）. The radio of insulin immune active product area to pancreas area （Ins＋/panc） as well as that to islets area （Ins ^＋/Isl） were significantly decreased in 50 % alcohol feeding. Histological examination revealed that in group of 50 % alcohol feeding, the ceils of pancreatic islets appeared hydropic degeneration and vacuolar degenration. Conclusion Chronic alcoholism can induce some optical and structural abnormalities of pancreatic islets and may contribute to the endocrine pancreas functional disturbance. Chronic alcoholism may be related to diabetes.