中文摘要：

目的通过对成人肋横突关节骨性关节面的形态学测量,探讨其形态特征规律为临床诊疗、置钉设计及相关生物力学研究提供理论依据。方法选取40套（80侧）成人胸廓干骨标本,进行相关指标观测,并按不同节段统计分析。结果横突肋凹横槽形仅见于T1和T2,凹面形T1~4渐增,平面形T5~9渐增,T11、T12基本无肋凹;横突肋凹上位T4~8渐增,中位T1~4渐增,T5~9由63.7%渐减到11.3%,下位T1~7渐减;肋结节关节面平面型呈正态分布,凸面型除R7外,均占23.0%~50.0%,凹面型R1、R2分别为27.5%、33.8%,其余分布极少,R11、R12基本无关节面;肋结节关节面仅R1出现上位,占10.0%,中位R1占80.0%,R3~11占3.8%~26.3%,下位R2~10占60%~96.2%。结论椎骨横突肋凹由凹到平、位置逐渐上移;肋结节关节面由凸变平位置逐渐下移;临床应用应根据1~12肋的相关参数选取适合的治疗方案。

英文摘要：

Objective Through the morphological measurement of the articular surface of adults＇ costotransverse joint, its morphological features have been researched to provide the theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis, designs of the screw as well as the related biomechanics. Methods 40 （80 sides） of adults＇ thoracic dry bone specimens have been selected to observe the related index and then analyzed statistically according to different segments. Results Transverse costal fovea transverse groove could only be found in T1 and T2. Concave shape T1-4 increased gradually and plane shape T5-9 increased gradually. There is basically no costal fovea. The upper of transverse costal fovea T4-T8 increased gradually while the middle T1-4 increased step by step. T5-9 has decreased from 63.7% to 11.3% while the lower position T1-7 decreased gradually. Flat type of the articular surface of tubercle of rib is distributed normally. Convex type accounted for 23.0%~50.0% except for RT; Concave type R1 accounted for 27.5% and concave type R2 accounted for 33.8%. The rest was distributed rarely. Basically, there was almost no articular surface in RH, R12. Only articular surface of tubercle of rib RI turned out to be the upper side, which accounted for 10.0%, while the middle part R1 accounted for 80.0%. Meanwhile, R3-11 accounted for 3.8% - 26.3% and the lower part R2-10 accounted for 60%-96.2%. Conclusions Vertebral transverse costal fovea moves upward from concave to fiat while articular surface of tubercle of rib moves downward from convex to fiat. Suitable treatment plan should be made based on the related parameters of the rib 1-12 in clinical application.