利用体外法对4种化学益生素和4株乳酸菌(S1、L7、L17和L18)进行了合生元组合的筛选,并在仔猪上进行了饲养试验。结果表明:4株乳酸菌均能利用菊粉(inulin)和果寡糖(FOS)产生乳酸,只有S1和L18能利用低聚木糖(XOS),低聚异麦芽糖(IMO)只能被S1利用。当以果寡糖和菊粉混合物(FOS + inulin,质量比为2:8)为底物时,各株乳酸菌生长良好,产乳酸量高,其次为果寡糖和低聚木糖混合物(FOS+XOS,质量比为1:1)。当以FOS+inulin为底物,4株乳酸菌混合培养时,24h产乳酸量最高,为(23.49±O.67)mmol·L^-1。以FOS+inulin为底物时,S1和混合乳酸菌均能很好地抑制肠毒素大肠杆菌K88和混合大肠杆菌的生长,混合乳酸菌的抑菌效果优于单菌S1。饲养试验结果表明,添加乳酸菌、化学益生素或合生元均可降低哺乳期、断奶期仔猪腹泻率,增加断奶后仔猪平均日增重,降低料重比,其中合生元作用效果最优,其次为混合化学益生素,最后为乳酸菌,混合乳酸菌组优于单独使用S1组。结果提示,混合乳酸菌与FOS+inulin组合以及与FOS+XOS组合具有减少腹泻,提高生长性能的作用,可用于断奶期仔猪饲料。
Prebiotics (inulin, fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS), xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) and isomalt-oligosaccharide (IMO)) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (S1, L7, L17 and L18) were selected for the screening of synbiotics. Their effects on diarrhea rate and growth performance of piglets were confirmed. Results showed that, both inulin and FOS stimulated the growth of four strains of LAB. S1 and L18 could utilize XOS, but only S1 could use IMO. With FOS + inulin (m: m =2: 8) as substrate, mixed culture of LAB (Lm) was able to produce largest amount of lactate ( ( 23.49 ± 0. 67 ) mmol · L^-1 ) after 24 h of fermentation. Both S1 and Lm inhibited the growth of Kss and mixed culture of four Escherichia coli strains (Km). Compared to LAB ( S1 or Lm) and prebiotics ( FOS + XOS or FOS + inulin) , synbiotics especially Lm combined with FOS + inulin or FOS + XOS ( m: m = 1 : 1 ) could significantly decrease diarrhea rate both before and after weaning. Only Lm + ( FOS + inulin) was observed to significantly improve daily weight gain before weaning. After weaning, daily weight gain increased and feed/gain ratio decreased in all treatment groups. This effect was greater in synbiotics groups than in LAB groups and prebiotics groups. The results suggest that combination of mixed LAB with FOS + inulin or FOS + XOS may be effective in feeds for weaning piglets.