中文摘要：

目的：观察南苜蓿总皂苷对实验性2型糖尿病大鼠血液流变学及胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法：采用高糖高脂饲料喂养1个月加小剂量的链脲菌素（30 mg/kg）的方法建立实验性2型糖尿病大鼠模型,分为正常组、模型组、二甲双胍组、南苜蓿总皂苷高、低剂量组,连续静脉滴注4周,末次给药后测定血液流变学指标、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、糖化血红蛋白、肝糖原、计算胰岛素抵抗指数和敏感指数,并采用葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素耐量评价模型动物的胰岛素敏感性,采用蛋白免疫印迹法检测胰岛素信号传导通路的相关蛋白的表达。结果：与模型组比较,南苜蓿总皂苷1.4 g/kg能显著全血黏度、血浆黏度、全血还原黏度,RBC压积（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;降低空腹血糖、胰岛素和糖化血红蛋白水平（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）;降低胰岛素抵抗指数（P〈0.01）;升高胰岛素敏感指数和肝糖原含量（P〈0.01）;改善胰岛素耐量及糖耐量异常;增加肝脏组织中IRS1、PI3K、PAKT的表达。结论：南苜蓿总皂苷对改善2型糖尿病大鼠血液流变性,降低血液的高黏状态,合成肝糖原,改善胰岛素抵抗,达到调节血糖的作用。

英文摘要：

Objective：To study the effects of total saponins from Medicago polymorpha （TSMP） on hemorheology and insulin resistance. Methods ： The rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus was established by feeding high glucose and fat diets and intraperito- neally injecting STZ 30 mg/kg. The rats were divided into five groups ： control, model, metformin, TSMP （ 1. 4 g/kg） and 0.7 g/kg, which were administrated for four weeks. At the end of administration, blood samples were collected and hemorheologi- cal index, fasted blood glucose（FBG） ,fasted serum insulin（FINS）, HbAlc and hepatic glycogen were measured. And then insu- lin sensitivity index（ISI） and insulin resistance（IRI） were calculated. Insulin sensitivity of rats was evaluated by insulin and glu- cose tolerance tests. Western blotting was used to detect insulin related protein level. Results：As compared with model group, TSMP 1.4 g - kg- l reduced the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity,whole blood reduced viscosity, FBG （ P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0. 05 ） ,FINS and HbA1 c （ P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05 ）, IRI （ P 〈 0.01 ）. TSMP 1.4 g/kg increased hepatic glycogen content,ISI and im- proved insulin and glucose tolerance. TSMP increased the expressions of IRS1, PI3K and PAKT protein. Conclusion：TSMP has a poiential therapeutic benefit against T2DM. The antihyperglycemic activity is mediated by improving hemorheological index, en- hancing the synthesis of hepatic glycogen and improving insulin sensitivity.