中文摘要：

扩展有限元法（Extended finite element method,XFEM）是近几年发展起来的数值方法,属于传统有限元法的扩展,具有区别于传统有限元法的优点,在求解不连续断裂问题上具有更高的精度及效率。本文针对影响裂纹扩展的主要因素进行探讨,继而介绍扩展有限元的基本原理,并对其在裂纹扩展中的应用进行综述,同时对该方法的下一步研究进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Extended finite element method（XFEM）is a novel numerical method developed in recent years,which belongs to the extension of the traditional finite element method.It has the special advantage compared to traditional finite element method,and has higher accuracy and efficiency to solve the discontinuous fracture problem.In this paper,major factors in the process of crack propagation are discussed,the basic principle for XFEM and its application in crack growth are reviewed.Besides,further development of this method is proposed.