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中文摘要：
采用显式有限元法建立三维瞬态滚动接触模型，用于求解高速铁路的轮轨瞬态滚动接触问题。该模型考虑轮轨的真实几何形状，可引入任意接触面不平顺，并可考虑材料的非线性行为。显式有限元的条件稳定性以及由此所决定的极小时间步长使得该模型适合于时域内求解轮轨高速滚动过程中的高频动态或瞬态现象，如分析钢轨焊接接头和波浪形磨损引起的轮轨瞬态冲击响应。因数值重现三维轮对的真实滚动行为，与之相关的白旋、陀螺仪效应等因素自动包含于模型之中。进一步考虑车辆、轨道系统的相关部件，着重研究高速车辆．轨道系统在钢轨波浪形磨损处的瞬态响应及相应的瞬态滚动接触行为。结果显示波浪形磨损与其所激发的动态轮轨接触力间存在相位差，且该相位差随滚动速度增加而减小。这解释了高速线路上波浪形磨损出现后很快进入稳态的现象。
英文摘要：
3D transient finite element（FE） model is developed by an explicit time integration scheme to solve the dynamic wheel-rail rolling contact at high speeds. Actual geometries of the wheelset and rail are considered in the model together with arbitrary irregularities in the contact surfaces. Material nonlinearities of the wheel-rail can also be included. A tiny time step is required in the simulation due to the conditional stability of the explicit time integration scheme, which makes the model suitable for solving the （high frequency） dynamic or transient wheel-rail rolling contact at high speeds, e.g. wheels rolling over joints and corrugated rails. Moreover, spin of the rolling contact and gyroscopic effect of the rotating wheelset are automatically taken into account by simulating the rolling behavior. Through further including the related components of the vehicle and track systems, dynamic responses of the high-speed vehicle-track system at a corrugated rail is studied in detail together with the transient solutions of rolling contact. It is found that a phase difference exists between a rail corrugation and the dynamic contact force excited by it, and this phase difference decreases with the increase of rolling speed. This explains why the rail corrugation on a high-speed line reaches steady states soon after being initiated.
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