中文摘要：

肝细胞癌（HCC）是肝脏最常见的原发恶性肿瘤，在HCC形成过程中，早期发现、及时治疗可以显著提高患者生存率。而影像学检查技术在慢性肝病的监测、硬化结节的演变及早期HCC的诊断中起着重要作用。CT和磁共振成像（MRI）多期或动态增强检查可反映肝硬化结节演变过程的血供变化；功能MRI能在分子水平更早反映活体组织的结构和功能；肝脏特异性对比剂的应用，可提高早期HCC的检出率及利于其鉴别诊断。随着MRI技术的发展，以及功能成像在临床应用经验的积累，将进一步提高早期HCC的诊断率。

英文摘要：

Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is the most common primary malignant tumor of the liver, and in the process of HCC development, early identification and timely treatment can significantly improve patient survival rate. Imaging techniques play an important role in the monitoring of chronic liver diseases, evolution of cirrhotic nodules, and early diagnosis of HCC. Multi-phase or dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） reflect the changes in blood supply during the evolution of liver cirrhotic nodules. Functional MR/can reflect the structure and fimction of living organisms at the molecular level. The application of liver-specific contrast agents can improve the detection rate and identification of earlystage HCC. With the development of MRI techniques and the accumulation of clinical experience in functional imaging will further improve the diagnostic rate of early-stage HCC.