中文摘要：

目的通过对乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染母亲卵细胞的体外受精胚胎中HBVmRNA的检测，明确HBV是否能够经卵细胞传递至胚胎而发生母婴垂直传播。方法以慢性HBV感染母亲卵细胞体外受精后遗弃胚胎这一特殊标本为研究对象，用单细胞RT—PCR的方法检测胚胎中的HBVmRNA。结果38例HBV血清标志物阳性母亲中有5例胚胎中出现阳性，阳性率为13．2％（5／38），其中5个废弃胚胎中有3个出现阳性信号，母亲血清HBeAg阳性，HBVDNA定量为4．7×10^5Iu／mL；另有3个废弃胚胎中有2个检出阳性信号，母亲血清HBeAg阴性，HBVDNA定量≤10^3IU／mL。结论HBV能够经卵细胞传递至胚胎而发生母婴垂直传播，并在其中复制。

英文摘要：

Objective To confirm whether vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus （HBV） can occur via infected ovum by detecting HBV mRNA in the test-tube embryos of mothers with chronic HBV. Methods Specimens were discarded test-tube embryos from mothers with chronic HBV infection who had received in vitro fertilization treatment. Single-cell reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction （RT- PCR） was used to detect HBV mRNA in the embryos. Results HBV mRNA was detected in the cleavage embryos of 5 cases with chronic HBV infection, with a detection rate of 13.2% （5/38） , including 3 embryos of the 5 discarded ones detected with positive signal. Maternal HBeAg was positive, and quantitative HBVDNA was 4.7 × 105IU/mL. Positive signal was detected in 2 of another 3 discarded embryos. Maternal HBeAg was negative with quantitative HBVDNA ≤ 103 IU/mL. Conclusion HBV can be transferred to embryo via ovum, and vertical transmission is confirmed. Meanwhile, HBV is duplicated in embryo.