中文摘要：

根据新疆奇台县气象站的气温及降水资料，利用线性趋势函数及Mann—kendall突变检测法分析了该地区近42年的气候变化。结果表明：年平均气温与极端最低气温均呈上升趋势，而极端最高气温呈下降趋势；年降水量呈上升趋势。从季节变化来看，除夏季平均气温呈下降趋势，其它各季平均气温均呈上升趋势，其中以冬季增幅最大，秋季次之；各季降水均呈上升趋势，其中以夏季增幅最大，冬季次之。年平均气温未发生突变，而年降水量在1984年发生由少向多的突变。对气温和降水的异常分析得出，暖温年多发生在上世纪80年代后，冷温年多发生在上世纪60、70年代；多雨年主要在近20年，少雨年则多在上世纪60、70年代。此外，该县近42a来增暖幅度小于全疆和北疆；增湿幅度大于全疆，小于北疆。

英文摘要：

On base of temperature and preciptitation data from meteorological stations in Qitai County, the basic features of climate change since recent 42 years were analyzed using the methods of linear tendency funtion and Mann - Kendall test. The main results were as follows ： Annual mean temperature and extreme minimum temperature appear to be ascending, while extreme maximum temperature appeared to be descending. Summer mean temperature appeared to be descending, other season＇s mean temperature appeared to be ascending with the largest increase in winter, followed by autumn; The precipitation of each season appeared to be ascending with the largest increase in summer, followed by winter. Annual mean temperature didn＇t have sudden change, but annual precipitation occurred from less to more in 1984. The abnormal analysis indicated that the warmer years occurred after the 1980s and the colder occurred in the 1960s and 1970s; The rainy years, mainly occurred in nearly 20 years, and the drier occurred in the 1960s and 1970s. In addition, the warming extent was smaller than the whole and north of Xinjiang, the humidification extent was greater than the whole, but smaller than north of Xinjiang.