中文摘要：

采用X-ray衍射和光学显微镜对AA3104铝合金热粗轧板沿厚向的织构和组织进行研究。结果表明：热粗轧板中存在明显的组织和织构梯度现象;在表层及次表层,剪切织构占主导地位,表现为较强的旋转立方织构R-cube{001}〈110〉和{112}〈110〉织构,显微组织以再结晶组织为主;在中心层及过渡层,则以典型的形变织构（即Cu{112}〈111〉、S{123}〈634〉和Bs{011}〈211〉）及热变形流线组织为主;这种沿厚度方向的组织和织构梯度对热变形后再结晶织构也有很大影响,热粗轧板中原始的剪切织构有助于退火后立方织构的形成,而原始中心层的形变织构会促使热变形退火后产生{111}〈110〉剪切织构和P织构。

英文摘要：

The textures and microstructures along rough-rolled plate aluminum alloy 3104 were investigated by X-ray diffractometry and optical microscopy,respectively.The results show that a pronounced through-thickness texture and microstructure gradient is found in the rough-rolled plate.At the surface and sub-surface layers,the dominant texture and microstructure are shear textures（strong R-cube{001}110 and {112}110） and recrystallization microstructure,respectively.While at the center and intermediate layers,the typical β-fiber texture of Cu{112}111,S{123}634 and Bs{011}211,and a fibrous microstructure characterized by banded-like structure is observed.This kind of through-thickness texture and microstructure gradient have strong influence on the recrystallization texture after hot compression,i.e.,the rolling shear textures are changed to cube texture,while the other deformation textures are rotated to the {111}110 and P orientation during the annealing after hot compression.