中文摘要：

芭蕉属起源于热带亚热带区域，对芭蕉属野生种质资源的研究始于20世纪40年代。通过检索INIBAP的多个数据库和相关文献，归纳整理出芭蕉属野生种的分布规律，为野生蕉的种质资源保存、利用以及品种鉴定提供一定的理论依据。经分析，目前已经报道的芭蕉属共有52个野生种，其中真芭蕉组（Eumusa）11个，观赏蕉组（Rhodochlamys）9个，澳蕉组（Australimusa）13个，红花蕉组（Callimusa）18个，不确定组（Incertaesedis）1个。马来西亚、印度尼西亚、巴布亚新几内亚、印度和中国均分布有不同的3组芭蕉属野生种，但马来西亚和印度分布的种数最多．各分布有15种，约占总数的29％．可能是芭蕉属野生种的多样性中心。

英文摘要：

Musa species originate from tropical and subtropical regions and the research of wild banana germplasm began in 1940s. This paper summarizes the distribution of wild Musa germplasm resources based on INIBAP＇s databases and related literatures, and provides a theoretical reference for wild Musa germplasm resource preservation, use as well as species identification. Up to now,52 wild species of Musa have been reported including 11 species from Eumusa section,9 from Rhodochlamys section, 13 from Australimusa section, 18 from Callimusa section and 1 from Incertae sedis section. The wild species of 3 different sections are distributed in Malaysia,Indonesia,Papua New Guinea,India and China,respectively. Malaysia and India each having 15 species, accounting for about 29% of the total, may be the diversity center of wild Musa species.