中文摘要：

中国的小农为建设资源节约、环境友好社会提供了相应的文化传统.本文基于南方稻作区 黔东南、皖中若干农户的微观行为考察,发现半工半耕的“传统小农”依然沿袭地方农业生产模式,在技术 未整体变革前保持着原有的环境知识;逐渐兴起的“新中农”发展了本土环境知识,成为传统农业技术完 善和革新的关键力量.本文调查的“传统小农”和“新中农”是集精耕细作、种养兼业于一体的小型生态模 式,他们在仿真自然生态系统的基础上,高效利用农业资源.从环境层面来解读小农,发掘小农所具有的 环境功能,可为中国农业的可能发展方向一小规模家庭绿色农业道路提供借鉴.

英文摘要：

China＇s smallscale farmers provide a corresponding cultural tradition lor building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society. Based on the microscopic behaviors of some farmers in the southeastern part of Guizhou and southern China, this paper finds that the ＂traditional small farmers＂, who are semi-industrilized and semi- cultivated, still follow the local agricultural production mode and maintain the original environmental knowl-edge before the technological change. The uprise of the ^new middle peasants^ developed local environmental knowledge, and became the key force to improve and innovate the traditional agricultural technology. The ＂ tradi-tional small farmers＂ and ＂new middle peasants＂ investigated in this paper are small ecological modes with inte- gregation of intensive cultivationand industry, and they use agricultural resources efficiently on the basis of simu-lating natural ecosystems. Exploring the small farmers from the environmental level and the environmental func-tions of small farmers can provide reference for the possible wayout of Chinese agriculture： a small-scale family green agriculture.