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中文摘要：
2012年5、7和9月在哈尔滨市典型黑土农田区,采用定点试验的方法设置空白对照、低浓度、中浓度和高浓度4个处理样地,分析不同浓度EM堆肥处理对中小型土壤动物群落组成、垂直结构、季节性动态和多样性的影响.结果表明：不同浓度EM堆肥处理下共捕获中小型土壤动物7860只,平均密度49125只·m-2,隶属于3纲10目,划分为30个类群.EM堆肥处理增加了中小型土壤动物类群数量,低浓度处理中小型土壤动物个体密度低于空白对照样地,但随着EM堆肥浓度的增加,中小型土壤动物个体密度均有所增加;中小型土壤动物群落的类群数和个体密度的垂直分布具有表聚性特征;中小型土壤动物群落存在一定的季节变化特征;不同浓度EM堆肥处理样地中小型土壤动物群落多样性指数均有所增加,土壤有机质对这种多样性的变化影响相对较大;EM堆肥处理下中小型土壤动物对土壤环境因子的响应不同,常见类群和优势类群对土壤环境的变化有较强的适应性,而稀有类群相对敏感,受到特定的环境因子的影响.说明EM堆肥处理可在一定程度上改善黑土区农田中小型土壤动物群落结构、增加其多样性.
英文摘要：
In May,July and September 2012,four treatment plots with different concentrations of effective microorganisms（ EM） compost were established（ control,low,medium,and high concentration） in a typical black soil farmland in Harbin. We investigated the effects of different EM compost concentrations on the composition,vertical structure,seasonal dynamics,and diversity of micro- and medium-sized soil faunal communities. A total of 7860 individuals（ with the average density of 49125 ind·m-（-2）） were captured which were classified into 30 groups,belonging to ten classes and three orders. Overall,the number of group and density of fauna increased with the increasing concentration of EM compost. However,the density was lower in the low concentration plot than in the control. The vertical distribution of faunal communities was characterized by surface clustering and there was a strong seasonal variation. The diversity indices of faunal communities increased with increasing the EM compost concentration,and the soil organic matter had a relatively greater contribution to such diversity changes. The response of groups to EM treatment was speciesdependent. Frequent and dominant groups had strong adaptability to changes in the soil environment,while the rare groups were more sensitive. This study revealed that EM compost could promote the community structure and increase the diversity of the faunal community in the black soilfarmland.
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