中文摘要：

总结了纳米材料的特性和纳米材料安全性研究的重要性，重点分析了纳米材料的危害途径，介绍了美国、欧盟、日本和中国的纳米材料安全性研究现状．结合毒理学对纳米尺寸物质的相关研究，以危害认定、危害途径评定、毒性评估和危险度特征分析建立纳米材料安全性评价框架，并确定了纳米材料安全性评价步骤，包括危害途径、危害特征、危害识别及表征、危险度评价．展望了纳米材料安全性的未来研究方向，指出纳米材料安全性研究应解决更安全的问题．

英文摘要：

The characteristics of nanometer materials and the importance of safety were summarized, and emphasis was put on the analysis of harm pathway of nanometer materials. The research status of nanometer materials safety in USA, EU, Japan and China was reviewed. According to the safety research status at home and abroad on nanometer materials, on the basis of hazard identification, exposure assessment, toxicity assessment, analysis of risk characteristics, and establishment of safety evaluation of nanometer materials frame were discussed. The steps of determining, safety evaluation of nanometer materials included exposed appraisal, exposure characteristics, hazard identification and characterization, and risk assessment. Meanwhile, outlook for the future research on safety of nanometer materials was given. The safety research ofnanometer materials in the near future should consider how to make them safer.