中文摘要：

海底作为声波在水中传播的下边界，其声学特性对水中声场分布的影响巨大。在近60年的研究中，海底沉积物的声学特性建模研究已取得众多成果，然而这些成果还远远不能满足现代化水声技术发展的要求。文章从基本的海底结构组成出发，在海底地声建模的基础上揭示出声波与海底的作用关系。

英文摘要：

The seabed is the lowest boundary of sound propagation in the sea, so its acous-tic characteristics have a major effect on the sound field distribution. In the last sixty years, model-ing of the acoustic properties of seabed sediment has made much progress; however, it still does not satisfy the demands of modern underwater acoustic technology. In this article, based on the composition of the seabed, we present a geoacoustic model to describe the interaction of sound waves with the seabed.