中文摘要：

在1967~1971年期间,美国POGO系列卫星进行了地磁场总强度测量,接着,1979~1980年MAGSAT地磁卫星进行了真正意义上的三分量测量.自此之后,卫星磁测沉静了20年.近年来,这一领域又重新进入高潮,其标志是1999年2月丹麦发射Orsted磁测卫星,2000年7月德国发射CHAMP磁测卫星,2000年11月阿根廷/美国合作发射SAC-C卫星.这一时期的磁测卫星还有南非和澳大利亚的卫星,而欧空局计划在2009年发射三颗磁测卫星Swarm,,中国的地磁卫星也在积极筹备之中.在这20多年的＂沉静＂中,各国地磁学家潜心研究的结果把POGO-MAGSAT和Orsted-Champ-SAC两代磁测卫星和地面磁测连接在一起,催生了新型地磁场模型和地磁图---＂地磁场综合模型＂（comprehensive model of geomagnetic field,简称CM）.如果说过去的地磁场模型只是对主磁场的形态描述,那么,新一代模型不仅包括地核主磁场模型,而且包括岩石圈磁场模型、电离层磁场模型、磁层磁场模型、内部感应磁场模型以及空间环型磁场模型,力求在更广的范围内,以更深入的物理内涵和更高的精度表述地球磁场的全貌.本文在评述CM模型的基础上,提出下一代地磁模型的设想,讨论地球磁场三维巡测和综合建模的未来发展趋势和关键问题.

英文摘要：

Following 20 years long silence in satellite magnetic survey after POGOs in1967~ 1971 and MAGSAT in 1979~ 1980, the magnetic satellites Orsted, Champ and SCA-C were launched in February 1999, July and November, 2000 by Denmark, Germany and Argentina, respectively. Combining the data from these satellites with the measure ments at worldwide magnetic station network, American T. Sabaka and Danish N. Olsen proposed a new model for describing the magnetic field of the Earth, Comprehensive Model of Geomagnetic Field, or CM for short. This is a new generation of the Earth＇ s magnetic field modeling and charting. In the new models are included the magnetic fields from various sources, such as core field, lithospheric field, ionospheric field, magnetospheric field and others. In this paper, we propose a new type of the Earth＇s magnetic field modeling on the basis of reviewing and understanding the existing magnetic field models.