中文摘要：

通过建立地气系统的红外辐射传输方程，基于MODIS红外通道进行辐射传输计算。利用快速精确的透过率模型PFAAST计算大气透过率，在红外辐射传输计算中考虑了地面反射大气辐射亮度的影响，指出地面反射大气辐射亮度在整个方程所占比重随着地表发射率变小而增加，其中MODIS第33通道对发射率的改变最为敏感，美国标准大气下，当发射率ε=0．65时，比重达到7．12％，因此，忽略地面反射大气辐射亮度，直接影响红外辐射传输计算的准确性。模拟了MODIS各红外通道辐射亮度，并与MODTRAN4.0模拟结果比较，相对误差不超过0．12％，模拟了大气倾斜路径对卫星红外通道观测亮温的影响。

英文摘要：

The infrared radiative transfer equation of earth-atmosphere system was established, and the radiative transfer model based on MODIS infrared channel was computed. The atmosphere transmittance was calculated fast by accurate PFAAST model, the effect of ground reflected atmospheric emission radiance was considered in the radiative transfer calculation, it was showed that the percentage of ground reflected atmospheric emissive radiance in radiative transfer equation increased while the surface emissivity reduced, the MODIS 33rd band was most sensitive to emissivity. The percentage was 7.12% when emissivity was 0.65 in U.S. Standard Atmosphere. So the radiative transfer calculation was not accurate if the ground reflected atmospheric radiance was negligible. The MODIS infrared channel radiance was calculated and compared with that of MODTRAN4.0 calculation, the biggest relative error was only 0.12%.The effect of atmospheric slanting path on the sounding brightness temperature of satellite infrared channel was simulated.