中文摘要：

目的探讨髋膝关节置换术患者假体周围感染病原菌分布与相关危险因素,为预防关节置换术后假体周围感染提供依据。方法收集2010年3月-2015年2月医院收治1 000例行髋膝关节置换术患者临床资料,分析患者术后假体周围感染病原菌分布特点及相关危险因素,应用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析。结果 1 000例行关节置换术患者发生假体周围感染30例,发生率为3.00%,共检出病原菌30株,其中革兰阳性菌、革兰阴性菌、真菌各占60.00%、36.67%、3.33%;单因素分析发现,患者高龄、手术时间长、术中出血量多、引流时间长、有并发症、长期应用激素、合并糖尿病是关节置换术后假体周围发生感染的危险因素（P〈0.05）,多因素logistic回归分析发现高龄、手术时间长、引流时间长、有并发症、合并糖尿病是关节置换术后假体周围发生感染的独立危险因素（P〈0.05）。结论髋膝关节置换患者术后假体周围感染病原菌主要为革兰阳性菌,且与多种因素相关,在临床中应依据患者自身病情采取针对性预防措施,以减少假体周围感染。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE To discuss the pathogen distribution and related risk factors for periprosthetic infections after hip and knee replacement surgery,and to provide the basis for prevention of periprosthetic infections.METHODS A total of 1 000 patients with hip and knee replacement surgery from Mar.2010 to Feb.2015 were collected,and their clinical data were analyzed.The infection pathogen distribution and related risk factors of periprosthetic infections after hip and knee replacement surgery were analyzed.The results were analyzed in the application of SPSS 13.0software for statistical analysis.RESULTS There were 30 patients with periprosthetic infections among 1 000 patients with hip and knee replacement surgery,and the incidence rate was 3.00%.Totally30 plants of pathogens were detected,including gram-positive bacteria,gram-negative bacteria and fungi,each accounting for 60.00%,36.67%,and 3.33%.The univariate analysis showed that advanced age,long operation time,high bleeding volume,long drainage time,complications,long-term use of steroids and diabetes were risk factors for periprosthetic infection after hip and knee replacement surgery（P〈0.05）.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age,long operation time,long draining time,complications and diabetes were independent risk factors for periprosthetic infections（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION The results show that the infectious pathogens of periprosthetic infection are mainly gram-positive bacteria,various factors are associated with periprosthetic infections.Appropriate precautionary measures should be taken in accordance with the patient＇s own conditions so as to reduce periprosthetic infections.