中文摘要：

再分析资料的EOF结果揭示,冬季亚澳季风区对流层上层位势高度场存在着南北反相变化的振荡——亚澳振荡（AAD）,并定义亚澳振荡强度指数（AADI）。通过相关和合成分析,结果表明,冬季亚澳振荡与同期北半球冬季亚澳地区天气、气候之间存在显著相关。在年际尺度和年代际尺度上,AAD与同期北半球冬季亚澳地区气温、降水的异常显著相关,在年际信号上叠加年代际信号后,该指数与亚澳地区的气温和降水的相关更为显著。冬季亚澳振荡强年对应着同期冬季鄂霍次克海高压（阿留申低压）,东亚大槽和阿拉斯加脊以及极锋急流偏强;高低纬度之间的经向环流增强,副热带急流偏南偏强。这种关系本质上反映出了亚澳季风系统不仅是海陆温差的产物,也受到对流层上层温度南北差异的强迫。

英文摘要：

By analyzing the EOF of reanalysis data, a northern-southern diploe is found in the upper troposphere geopotential height field of over the Asian-Australian monsoon region in the winter of Northern Hemisphere （NH） , which is defined as Asian-Australian diploe （AAD） in this study, and a dipole intensity index （AADI） is defined. Correlation and synthetic analysis illustrated that AADI is closely related to the Asian-Australian region weather and climate in boreal winter. The index can reflect the simultaneous anomalies of temperature and precipitation on interannual and deeadal scales in the boreal winter of Asia-Australia region. The superposition of the decadal and interannual signals is significant for the relationship between the AADI and climate change. The index can be used as an indicator of intensity of the Asian-Australian monsoon. In the years of strong AADI, the East Asia major deep trough is stronger, the subtropical high is weaker and the Alaska ridge and the westerly？ jet are stronger than in normal years. Enhanced meridional circulation between high and low latitudes exists in the years of strong AADI. These relationships reflect the intrinsic link between the anomalies in the up- per troposphere geopotential height and climate change in the Asia-Australia region essentially.