中文摘要：

临界滑动面搜索一直是边坡稳定性分析中十分重要的课题，由于极限平衡法具有理论简单，易于被工程师掌握的优点，因此，仍在工程应用中占主导地位。剩余推力法是国内学者提出的一种简单实用且有较高精度极限平衡法，已被纳入国家规范。针对目前剩余推力法条间力假设简单，只考虑了力的平衡而忽略力矩平衡的缺点，通过Spencer法迭代构造了严格剩余推力法边坡临界滑动面搜索优化的模型，并结合蚁群算法搜索出了最大的剩余推力相应的临界滑动面。该模型具有精度高，收敛快的特点。最后给出的两个算例与传统的蚁群算法直接搜索安全系数最小得到的结果做了比较，表明了本文方法的正确性。

英文摘要：

Critical sliding surface search has been an important research topic in the field of slope stability analysis. The limit equilibrium method is still playing a major role in the design of slope because its concept is simple relatively and it is easy to grasp by engineers. Residual thrust method is one of the limit equilibrium methods proposed by Chinese researchers which is practical and has high accuracy in engineering application, and it has been brought into national regulation. But considering the drawbacks that inter-slice force is too crude and only equilibriums of forces are used without regarding to moment equilibriums, we construct a model which satisfies all equilibrium conditions through iteration of Spencer method. And then combining it with ant colony algorithm, we find out the critical slip surface which has the maximal residual thrust. The model has characteristics of high accuracy and fast convergence. Finally, two cases are calculated and compared with the model that has the minimum safety factor based on the ant colony algorithm too. The results indicate the correctness of this method.