中文摘要：

利用室内人工模拟降雨试验，研究了砂黄土施用不同量PAM在降雨条件下入渗一径流、土壤侵蚀和养分迁移特征。研究结果表明，砂黄土在不同PAM用量下均较对照表现出降低入渗增加径流，并能有效减少土壤侵蚀，其侵蚀量随PAM用量增加而减少。径流的增加造成硝态氮，水溶性磷和水溶性钾累积流失量增加，通过径流和泥沙流失的养分很少，硝态氮主要通过淋溶损失，磷和钾移动性弱，土壤固定性强，损失不大。PAM适宜用量在1～3g／m^2之间。

英文摘要：

The characteristics of runoff, infiltration, sediment yield and nutrient transfer in sandy loessial soil under simulated rainfall was investigated using different amount of surface-applied PAM in the indoor simulated rainfall experiment. The applied rates of PAM was 0 （CK）, 0. 5 （PAM1）, 1 （PAM2）, 3 （PAM3） and 5 g/mZ（PAM4） respectively. The results indicated that, the use of PAM can reduce soil infil- tration and increase runoff, it can effectively reduce soil erosion and the amount of erosion decreased as the amount of PAM applied to the soil increased. The accumulated loss of nitrate, water-soluble phosphorous and water soluble potassium increased as the runoff increased. Nutrient loss by runoff and sediment is small, nitrate loss was mainly in the form of leaching, phosphorus and potassium loss can be neglected for it＇s low mobility in soil solution caused by strong soil fixation to the nutrients. The appropriate rate of PAM application was between 1 to 3 g/m^2.