中文摘要：

绝缘子上生长藻类的现象在国内外多有报道,但由于该领域缺乏试验标准,在各国学者的研究中,很少对藻种和藻量予以测定,这使得研究结果差异性大,对藻类问题的认识也未能统一。为此,探索了定量研究藻类问题的方法,利用该方法研究了藻类对高温硫化硅橡胶（HTV）憎水性能的影响。在四川省某变电站的长藻绝缘子上取得藻样,利用基因测序的方法确定其为单细胞绿藻,在实验室扩大培养,并利用血球计数板对其数量进行了定量测量。借鉴ASTM G29以及GB/T 24127的试验方法,研究了不同浓度的藻液对于硅橡胶憎水性的抑制情况,发现由藻细胞数密度为10^7 m L^–1量级的藻液浸泡72 h就可以在HTV硅橡胶表面形成稳定的亲水层,自然干燥后测量其静态接触角〈30°。随后研究了绿藻对于憎水迁移性的影响,在高岭土以及硅藻土中混入绿藻并将其涂覆在硅橡胶表面进行憎水迁移,发现硅橡胶表面的单位面积藻细胞数密度〉4×10^4/cm^2时,其对于憎水迁移性有明显抑制作用。

英文摘要：

Silicon rubber being colonised by algae has been reported worldwide. But due to lack of a direct experimental standard, measurement of the species and amount of algae that colonise silicon rubber has rarely been reported. Because of factors such as the difference in algae species in different areas, no uniform understanding about the influence of algae on insulators has been reached. Consequently, we firstly got algae sample from the insulators covered with algae in substations of Sichuan province to test the algae through gene sequencing, and it was found to be green algae.Then it was cultivated in the lab and its cell number per mL was measured in a blood cell counting chamber. According to the method described in ASTM G29 and GB/T 24127, we immersed the SIR sample in the algae suspension and found that the suspension of 1 ×10^7algae cellsper mL could form a hydrophilic layer on the sample in 72 h, and its contact angle was lower than 30° when it was dried in natural environment. It is found that the green algae with numerical density of 4×10^4 cells/cm^2 can suppress the ability of hydrophobicity transfer on Kaolin and randanite. The results help to understand the influence of the algae on the hydrophobicity property of silicon rubber, give a way of algae quantification in the experiment, and provide a reference for further studies.