中文摘要：

运用相场方法研究双晶体NiTi形状记忆合金分别在无应力和有应力作用下时效过程中Ni4Ti3相的沉淀行为,模拟研究两种不同初始过饱和度（Ni含量分别为51.5%和52.5%,摩尔分数）的NiTi基体并考虑外加应力的影响。模拟结果表明,在无应力作用的体系中,当体系Ni原子初始浓度相对较低（51.5%Ni）时,Ni4Ti3相以非均匀的方式析出,其中晶界上存在大量的Ni4Ti3变体,晶界内大部分区域无变体;当体系Ni原子初始浓度较高（52.5%Ni）时,Ni4Ti3在整个双晶体系中均匀析出。在所研究的两种初始浓度下,一定大小的外加应力将直接导致Ni4Ti3变体在整个模拟体系中均匀析出,而两晶粒中变体的类型分布有所不同。

英文摘要：

The phase field method was applied to study the microstructure evolution of Ni4Ti3 precipitates during stress-free and stress-assisted aging of bi-crystalline NiTi shape memory alloys （SAMs） with two different initial Ni-contents of 51.5% and 52.5% （mole fraction）, respectively. The simulation results show that, during stress-free aging of the NiTi alloy with a low supersaturation of Ni （i.e., Ti-51.5%Ni）, the Ni4Ti3 precipitates exhibit a heterogeneous distribution with a high number density of particles at the grain boundary, leaving most of the grain interiors free of precipitates; while for the NiTi alloy with a high supersaturation of Ni （i.e., Ti-52.5%Ni）, the Ni4Ti3 precipitates show a homogeneous distribution across the entire simulation system. The stress-assisted aging can give rise to homogeneous distribution of the precipitates, regardless of the initial Ni-content; however, the distribution of variant type within the two grains is heterogeneous.